Learn How. Discover Why. Build Better. - Christopher Schwarz


The Curious Scrub Plane by Christopher Schwarz
Copyright 2006. This article originally appeared in the Fine Tool Journal

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Sharpening a Radically Curved Blade

Most sharpening maestros recommend you sharpen a scrub blade freehand and rock the curved edge on the sharpening stone.  I did this for years, and then I got a bit wiser. The real trick is to make a concave sharpening surface that complements the radius of the cutting edge.

This is easier than it sounds thanks to sandpaper sharpening technology.  The fastest and most accurate way to sharpen a convex blade is to make a curved “sanding fid.”  A fid is essentially a shaped piece of wood with sandpaper stuck to it.  Then you clamp the blade upright in a vise and work the curved edge with your fids.

 

Making the fids is easy.  With your scrub plane straight out of the box, set it to take a light cut.  Clamp a fence to a piece of softwood scrap, much like you would create a fence for a dado plane to ride against.  Press your scrub plane against the fence and make a few passes until it stops to cut the softwood.

Extend the iron out a bit more and make a few more passes.  Repeat this circular process using you have created a trench that is almost 1-1/2” wide.  Now rip the softwood scrap so it’s about 3/4” wide.  Crosscut a couple 5” lengths off your fid and adhere some PSA sandpaper to each curved face.  I’ve had the most luck with the 15-micron paper and the 5-micron paper.  (Both grits are available from Lee Valley Tools, 800-871-8158).

Clamp your iron straight up in your vise and work the edge with your fid until you turn a wire edge on the unbeveled face of the blade.

 

To make a sanding fid, first cut a trench in some softwood with the plane guided by a temporary fence.  Then rip the curved shape from the board.

 

Stick adhesive-backed sandpaper to the curved portion of your fid and mark the grit on the wood – you should be able to get at least 10 sharpening out of this fid before replacing the paper.

 

Remove this wire edge on your polishing stone and keep sharpening until you get a smooth and sharp edge without and snags on the edge, which can be detected by running a thumbnail lightly across the edge.

Secure the iron upright in a vise and work the edge with your fids. Start with the coarse grits and work up to the finer grits.

And Then to Business

Once you start working with a scrub plane you realize why they are so popular.  They are a blast to use.  Using a smooth plane seems fussy and slow once you’ve reduced a board in thickness with a scrub.  It can be done by working diagonally across a face one way and back the other way.  Then check your work with winding sticks and go after the high spots on the face.  When the board won’t rock when this scrubbed face is pressed to the benchtop, you’re ready to move on to the jointer plane.

This is a useful skill – even today – when dealing with boards that are too wide for your jointer or planer.  Instead of ripping them into narrower widths (a crime, really), you can true up your wide boards to make impressive tabletops or door panels.

And though I do regularly use my scrub for this sort of operation, I’ve found that my fore plane (a beat-up Stanley No. 5) is more reliable at truing a board’s face.  The longer sole of the fore plane is one of its assets.  I also use the scrub to simply texture surfaces before finishing. With a sharp iron and a steady hand, you can produce a regularly scalloped surface with a scrub plane.  It can create a rustic look, and can even be successfully used in contemporary furniture.  Another fine use for the tool is in removing the backsides of baseboard moulding to fit it against a less-than-stellar drywalling job.  I found out this excellent use for the tool when trimming out an addition to our house a few years ago.

But then there’s the matter of the scrub plane’s true mission in life.  Could it be a good tool for reducing a board’s width? Is it a ripping plane? Intrigued, I fixed a long length of framing lumber to my bench and tried to remove 1/4” from the edge.  Removing that amount of wood from an 8’-long 2 x 12 would be a good deal of effort with a rip saw.

The scrub did the job remarkably well, especially when I didn’t try to use the tool like a jointer plane. Instead of taking a long continuous pass on the edge, I started at the left end of the board and took short, choppy strokes to get down to my scribe line. It was indeed faster than any ripsaw I’ve used and was on par with the stock removal rate of a drawknife (but with more control).  I’m not ready to call this mystery solved. But I am going to start collecting some more books on early 20th century house carpentry. 

Maybe they will help reveal the true nature of this aggressive and durable plane.


Christopher Schwarz is the editor of Popular Woodworking magazine and a contributing editor to the Fine Tool Journal. He also teaches woodworking classes in hand-tool fundamentals.
 
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